Colombia

Colombia is a land of dramatic contrasts where the snow-capped Andean peaks meet the turquoise waters of the Caribbean and the dense emerald canopy of the Amazon. Once a hidden gem, it has transformed into one of South America's most vibrant destinations, offering a rich tapestry of colonial history and modern urban innovation. Temperatures vary wildly by altitude, from the sweltering 30–33°C (86–91°F) coastal heat to the crisp 12–18°C (54–64°F) mountain air of the capital. You can wander through the cobblestone streets of Cartagena, trek to lost ancient civilizations, or simply enjoy the world's finest coffee in the rolling green hills of the Eje Cafetero. The true magic lies in the legendary warmth of the Colombian people, whose resilience and joy are reflected in the rhythmic pulses of salsa and cumbia.

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We built this guide using official tourism data, local travel insights, and real pricing from our city guides, so you can plan your trip with confidence.

3 cities
9 guides
$65 – $95 Daily Budget

Quick Facts

Capital
Bogotá
Languages
Spanish
Currency
Colombian Peso (COP)
1 $ ≈ 3,688 COP
Plug Type
Type A/B (110V, 60Hz)
Driving Side
Right
Dial Code
+57
Entry Requirements
Check requirements →
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Time Zone
COT (UTC-5)
Emergency
123 (all services); also 112 (Police), 119 (Fire), 132 (Red Cross)

Why Visit Colombia

Unrivaled Biodiversity

Often cited as second overall in biodiversity (and #1 in bird & orchid diversity), Colombia offers everything from high-altitude paramo ecosystems to tropical rainforests and sun-drenched coastal deserts. You can spot exotic birds in the jungle or marvel at the 60-meter-tall wax palms in the Cocora Valley.

Cultural Heartbeat

The country vibrates with energy, from the world-class salsa clubs of Cali to the innovative flower festivals of Medellín. Its music and dance reflect a unique fusion of Spanish, Indigenous, and African heritage that is visible in every town square.

Coffee Heritage

Visiting the traditional fincas of the Coffee Triangle allows you to learn how the world’s smoothest beans are grown and processed. The UNESCO-listed landscape offers stunning views of verdant hills and a chance to experience authentic rural Colombian life.

Colonial Splendor

Colombia boasts exceptionally preserved colonial towns, with the walled city of Cartagena being a prime example of Spanish military architecture. Other gems like Villa de Leyva and Barichara offer quiet streets and white-washed buildings that feel frozen in time.

Adventure Opportunities

Whether it is paragliding over the 2,000-meter-deep Chicamocha Canyon or trekking for four days to reach the Ciudad Perdida, the rugged terrain is a paradise for active travelers. The diverse geography ensures that every region offers a different type of thrill.

Top Experiences

Top-rated tours and activities in Colombia

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Cities & Destinations

Regions

Caribbean Coast

This sun-soaked northern strip features the romantic walled city of Cartagena and the pristine beaches of Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona. It is a hub for Afro-Caribbean culture, where you can enjoy fresh seafood and explore coastal jungles that meet the sea.

Andean Region

The mountainous heartland of the country is home to the major urban centers of Bogotá and Medellín. This region offers cool mountain climates, high-altitude hiking, and some of the world's most innovative public transit and cultural museums.

Coffee Triangle (Eje Cafetero)

Nestled in the central Andes, this area is famous for its lush coffee plantations and the colorful town of Salento. It is the perfect place for eco-tourism, offering horseback riding through misty valleys and stays in traditional haciendas.

Pacific Coast

This remote and rugged region is one of the wettest places on earth, characterized by dense rainforests and dark sand beaches. It is a premier destination for seasonal whale watching between July and October and exploring untouched marine biodiversity.

Where to Stay

See hotels, apartments & rentals around Cartagena, Colombia – live prices from Booking.com, Expedia, Vrbo and more

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Cities & Destinations:

Best Time to Visit

Colombia is a year-round destination due to its proximity to the equator, with weather determined more by altitude than season. The driest and most popular times to visit are during the two dry seasons, which offer the best conditions for hiking and coastal activities.

Peak Season

Dec, Jan, Jul, Aug

The main dry season (roughly Dec–Jan, often extending into Feb in many Andean areas) and the mini dry season (Jul–Aug) bring the most visitors. December also overlaps with holiday travel and Cali's Feria de Cali (Dec 25–30), so expect higher prices.

Shoulder Season

Feb, Mar, Sep

February–March can combine good weather with major events—Carnaval de Barranquilla is in February (in 2026: Feb 12–17). September can be a transition month; whale season on the Pacific typically runs roughly July–October.

Off-Peak

Apr, May, Jun, Oct, Nov

These months comprise the rainy seasons, characterized by heavy afternoon showers. While rural roads can be difficult, cities remain vibrant, and travelers can find significant discounts on luxury hotels and domestic flights.

Getting Around

Colombia's rugged geography makes domestic flights the most efficient way to travel between major cities, while an extensive and affordable bus network connects smaller towns. Transport infrastructure is modern in urban centers, though travel times on mountain roads can be unpredictable.

Flight

Domestic airlines include Avianca, LATAM, Wingo, JetSMART, SATENA, and Clic Air. Flying is often the fastest way between major regions given mountain road travel times.

Bus

Intercity coaches are the primary way to see the country. Major terminals in Bogotá and Medellín offer comfortable 'bus-cama' (sleeper) options for long hauls, with tickets typically ranging from $18–$53 / COP 65,175–COP 195,525 depending on the distance.

Metro

Medellín features the country's only operating metro system, which is exceptionally clean and integrated with cable cars (Metrocable) that serve hillside neighborhoods. Bogotá's first metro line is under construction with projected operation in first half of 2028. Bogotá relies on the TransMilenio, a vast bus rapid transit system with dedicated lanes.

Food & Drink

Colombian cuisine is hearty and diverse, deeply influenced by its varied geography and the fusion of multiple cultural traditions. Most meals are built around fresh tropical fruits, corn-based staples, and rich mountain stews that vary significantly from one department to another.

Must Try

Bandeja Paisa

A massive platter from the Antioquia region featuring beans, rice, chicharrón, chorizo, ground meat, fried egg, avocado, and an arepa.

Ajiaco

A comforting potato-based soup from Bogotá made with three types of potatoes, chicken, corn, and a local herb called guascas.

Arepas

Round cornmeal cakes that are a daily staple, often served with butter and cheese or stuffed with egg and meat on the Caribbean coast.

Sancocho

A traditional, thick stew containing large chunks of meat, plantain, yuca, and potato, typically served with a side of rice and avocado.

Lulada

A refreshing and tangy drink from Cali made from mashed lulo fruit, lime juice, water, and ice.

Tinto

A small cup of black coffee, often sweetened with panela, that serves as a fundamental social ritual in every Colombian town.

Money & Costs

Colombia offers excellent value for money, with a daily mid-range budget averaging ~$80 / COP 295,460. While prices have risen in tourist hotspots like Cartagena, the country remains highly affordable for dining and transportation compared to North America or Europe.

Tipping

A voluntary service charge (propina voluntaria) of 10% is standard in most restaurants; it is usually added to the bill, but customers can ask to remove or adjust it. Small tips for tour guides and hotel porters are appreciated.

Cards

Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, major restaurants, and supermarkets in cities. However, cash is essential for street food, local markets, public buses, and travel in rural or coastal areas.

ATMs

ATMs are abundant in cities but may have withdrawal limits between $118–$471 / COP 434,500–COP 1,738,000 per transaction. Most charge a flat fee of ~$4.71–$8.25 / COP 17,380–COP 30,415; travelers should decline the 'dynamic currency conversion' offered by the machine to get the best rate.

Culture & Etiquette

Colombians are known for their extreme politeness and formal social interactions, often using formal titles and greetings. The culture is deeply social, centered around family and a shared pride in the country's recent transformation and international recognition.

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Always use formal greetings like Buenos días or Buenas tardes before asking for help or starting a transaction at a shop.

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Don't discuss the country's past conflict or drug cartels casually, as it is a sensitive and painful subject for many locals.

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Follow the local advice of No des papaya, which means keeping your valuables, like jewelry and phones, out of sight in public.

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Don't expect punctuality for social gatherings, as the local hora colombiana often means arriving 30–60 minutes after the agreed time.

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Accept a tinto if offered when visiting a home or business, as it is a standard gesture of hospitality and friendship.

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Don't point with your finger at people or objects; instead, use your eyes or a slight nod of the head to indicate direction.

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Learn at least a few basic Spanish phrases, as English proficiency is generally low outside of major tourist hotels and upscale areas.

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Don't be surprised by the use of Usted among friends or family, as it is a common sign of respect even in close relationships.

Safety & Health

Tourist safety has improved significantly, but travelers must exercise high caution. Petty theft is common in crowded areas; the local adage 'No des papaya' (Don't give papaya) means don't flash valuables or invite opportunity for crime.

Tap Water

varies

Vaccinations

Yellow fever: risk-based. Colombia's Ministry of Health has required the International Yellow Fever Certificate for travelers arriving from certain countries (e.g., Angola, DR Congo, Uganda) and recommends vaccination (≥10 days prior) for travel to high-risk municipalities. CDC recommends yellow fever vaccine for most travelers ≥9 months going to risk areas, but not for itineraries limited to Bogotá / areas >2,300m.

Common Scams

  • ⚠ Fake police officers asking to 'inspect' your cash for counterfeit bills and then stealing it.
  • ⚠ Scopolamine (Devil's Breath) spiking in bars, where victims are drugged via drinks or cigarettes to facilitate robbery.
  • ⚠ Unregulated taxis that may overcharge or participate in 'express kidnappings' to empty ATM accounts.
  • ⚠ Distraction techniques where someone spills a liquid on you while an accomplice pickpockets your bag.

Foreigners are not covered by the public health system; comprehensive travel insurance is essential. Private clinics in Bogotá and Medellín provide high-quality care, often requiring upfront payment or proof of insurance.

Language

Spanish is Colombia's official language nationwide. The languages and dialects of ethnic groups are also official in their territories; on San Andrés and Providencia, English-based creole and English are widely used alongside Spanish. In mainland cities, proficiency is generally limited to high-end hotels and major tourist agencies.

English Spoken: Limited English

Key Phrases

Key Phrases
Meaning Local Pronunciation
How's it going? ¿Qué más? Keh mahss
Great / Cool Chévere Cheh-veh-reh
Friend / Buddy Parce Par-seh
I'm sorry / Excuse me Qué pena Keh peh-nah
The bill, please La cuenta, por favor Lah kwen-tah por fah-vor
Everything is good Todo bien To-do byen
Where is...? ¿Dónde queda...? Don-deh keh-dah
Delicious Rico Ree-ko

Visa & Entry

Tourist stays are commonly granted up to 90 days and can be extended up to 180 days total per calendar year (nationality dependent). Airlines/immigration may require a return/onward ticket. Check-Mig is the official pre-registration system for entry/exit and is commonly requested before flying.

Max Stay

90 days (extendable to 180 days per calendar year)

Passport Validity

Must be valid at the time of entry and for the duration of stay; 6 months validity is commonly recommended by travel authorities.

Visa-free for

United States, Canada, United Kingdom, European Union, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, Brazil

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is it safe to travel to Colombia?
Tourist safety has improved significantly over the last two decades, but you must still exercise high caution throughout your journey. Petty theft is common in crowded areas and urban centers, so it is vital to follow the local adage No des papaya, which means avoiding the display of expensive items. Stick to well-lit areas at night and always use registered taxi apps rather than hailing cars on the street.
How expensive is Colombia for tourists?
Colombia offers excellent value for money compared to many other destinations in the Americas. You should plan for an average daily budget of ~$80 / COP 295,460, which covers comfortable mid-range accommodation, delicious local meals, and domestic transportation. While prices are higher in tourist hotspots like Cartagena, the country remains very affordable for those who eat at local establishments and use the extensive bus network.
When is the best time to visit Colombia?
The best time to visit is during the dry seasons, which typically fall in December, January, July, and August. These months offer the most reliable weather for trekking in the mountains or relaxing on the northern beaches. However, because the country is near the equator, temperatures remain relatively constant year-round, meaning you can visit any time if you don't mind occasional tropical rain showers.
Do I need a visa for Colombia?
Many nationalities, including citizens from the European Union, the United States, and Canada, do not require a visa for tourist stays of up to 90 days. This stay can be extended for another 90 days at a local migration office, allowing for a total of 180 days per calendar year. Always ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your planned date of departure from the country.
Is English widely spoken in Colombia?
English proficiency is generally low across the country, especially outside of major tourist hotels and upscale neighborhoods in Bogotá and Medellín. While younger people and those in the travel industry may speak some English, you will find it very helpful to learn basic Spanish phrases for daily tasks. Carrying a translation app on your phone is highly recommended for navigating public transport and communicating in smaller towns.
What should I eat in Colombia?
You should definitely try regional specialties like Bandeja Paisa, a hearty mountain platter, and Ajiaco, a signature chicken and potato soup. Street food is a must, particularly the various types of Arepas and empanadas sold on street corners. Do not miss the chance to sample unique tropical fruits like lulo and maracuyá, which are commonly served as fresh, delicious juices with every meal.
How do I get around Colombia?
Due to the rugged mountain geography, domestic flights are the most efficient way to travel between major cities like Bogotá, Medellín, and Cartagena. For shorter distances or travel between smaller colonial towns, an extensive and affordable bus network is available. While transport infrastructure is modern in urban centers, travel times on winding mountain roads can be quite unpredictable, so always allow for extra time when traveling by land.
Can I drink the tap water in Colombia?
Tap water quality varies across Colombia. While the water in major cities like Bogotá and Medellín is treated and often considered safe for locals, most visitors prefer to stick to bottled or filtered water to avoid any potential stomach issues. In rural areas and coastal regions, tap water is generally not recommended for travelers. It is also advisable to use bottled water for brushing your teeth if you have a sensitive system.
What is the meaning of the phrase No des papaya?
No des papaya is a famous Colombian proverb that literally translates to don't give papaya. In a practical sense for travelers, it means you should not put yourself in a vulnerable position or provide an easy opportunity for theft. This includes not flashing expensive jewelry, keeping your phone tucked away in public, and remaining aware of your surroundings in busy markets or transport hubs.
How much should I tip in Colombia?
In most sit-down restaurants, a voluntary service charge known as propina voluntaria of 10% is standard and is usually added to the bill automatically. You have the right to ask for it to be removed if the service was not up to standard, though this is rare. For other services, small tips for tour guides and hotel porters are greatly appreciated but are not considered a strict obligation for visitors.

Why you can trust this guide

Headshot of Jan Křenek, founder of GoTripzi
Jan Křenek

35+ countries • 8 years analyzing travel data

Independent developer and travel data analyst based in Prague. 35+ countries visited across Europe and Asia, 8+ years analyzing flight routes, accommodation prices, and seasonal weather patterns.

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